Chemicool

Er

68

167.26
Erbium
General | States | Energies | Oxidation & Electrons |Appearance & Characteristics
Reactions | Other Forms |Radius | Conductivity | Abundance
Encyclopedia Britannica articles

General

Name Erbium Symbol Er
atomic number 68 Atomic weight 167.26
Density @ 293 K 9.05 g/cm3 Atomic volume 18.4 cm3/mol
Group Rare Earth, Lanthanides discovered 1843

States

state (s, l, g) s
melting point 1795.2 K boiling point 3173 K
Heat of fusion 19.90 kJ/mol Heat of vaporization 261.0 kJ/mol
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Energies

1st ionization energy 588.7 kJ/mole electronegativity 1.24
2nd ionization energy 1151 kJ/mole electron affinity 50 kJ/mole
3rd ionization energy 2194 kJ/mole Specific heat 0.17 J/gK
heat atomization 317 kJ/mole atoms

Oxidation & Electrons

Shells 2,8,18,30,8,2 electron configuration [Xe] 4f12 6s2
minimum oxidation number 0 maximum oxidation number 3
min. common oxidation no. 0 max. common oxidation no. 3
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Appearance & Characteristics

structure hcp: hexagonal close pkd color silvery-white
uses alloys, photogr. filter toxicity
hardness mohs characteristics

Reactions

reaction with air vigorous, =>Er2O3 reaction with 6M HCl mild, =>H2, ErCl3
reaction with 6M HCl mild, =>H2, ErCl3 reaction with 15M HNO3 mild, =>Er(NO3)3
reaction with 6M NaOH
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Other Forms

number of isotopes 6 hydride(s) ErH2 ErH3
oxide(s) Er2O3 chloride(s) ErCl3

Radius

ionic radius (2- ion) pm ionic radius (1- ion) pm
atomic radius 176 pm ionic radius (1+ ion) pm
ionic radius (2+ ion) pm ionic radius (3+ ion) 103 pm
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Conductivity

thermal conductivity 14.5 J/m-sec-deg electrical conductivity 14.1 1/mohm-cm
polarizability 22.7 A^3

Abundance

source Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite rel. abund. solar system -0.601 log
abundance earth's crust 0.4 log cost, pure 270 $/100g
cost, bulk $/100g
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